William Ellsworth Dummy Hoy

William Ellsworth Hoy was the first and only accomplished deaf person to play Major League Baseball. Mr. Hoy was born on the 23rd of May in 1862 in Houck town, Ohio, this is where he got the nickname â€Å"Dummy†. In today’s society calling him that name would not be acceptable, but back then dummy meant somebody who could not speak. When people called him William, Billy or Bill he corrected them because he preferred Dummy. At the age of 2 he was diagnosed with Spinal Meningitis, this caused him to lose his hearing and since he was so young he could not learn how to speak. But this did not stop him, he proved everybody wrong, he graduated valedictorian from Columbus’s Ohio School for the Deaf and began his professional baseball career in 1886 for the Oshkosh Club in Wisconsin and was paid $85 a month. Dummy was a great baseball player, he played center field for several teams from 1888-1902, the most notably team was the Cincinnati Reds. Some sources claim that he is the reason why baseball today uses signals and signs, because he could not hear the umpire so he taught his coaches to use signals to let him know if it was a ball or strike or even the umpires to let him know if he was out or safe. Dummy died at the age of 99 on December 15, 1961 in Cincinnati, Ohio. Today there is a group of people who are trying to get him elected into the Baseball Hall Of Fame in Cooperstown, NY. His contribution to society and baseball was huge, he let people know whether your deaf or have a any disability you can still make your dreams come true as long as you try and never give up. I think somebody like this should definitely be in the Baseball Hall Of Fame, he brings honor back to game that is full or greed and selfishness.

Introduction to Personal Development in Health Essay

1.1 Describe the duties and responsibilites of own role My role is to ensure I treat all my clients as individuals, ensuring they always feel safe and at ease when I am around and doing my care, I make sure I read the care plan every day for each client to see if anything has changed since I have last been in there. I am responsible in making sure all my clients are looked after to a brilliant standard ensuring they are always happy with the care I provide for them, keeping them clean by doing personal care and assisting with needs if they need help such as, getting dressed, brushing teeth and combing hair treating the individual with respect and keeping their dignity at all times, ensuring they are eating and drinking properly and getting enough nutrition in their diet. If needed I will help individuals to administrate medication, prompting them if they do it theirselves so they don’t forget too. Keeping the surroundings clean and safe, making sure I tidy up after my self and my client so they are always in a hygenic surrounding desposing of things in the correct way, always wearing my protective clothing incase of cross contimation and encouraging them when I can ensuring they remain independant and empowered. It is my duty to report anything necessary to my manager, if my client is unhappy, if I feel my client is changing or becoming ill I make sure I inform my manager. Lastly I need to make sure I am up to date with all courses and training to make sure my clients are safe at all times and I am not using poor practice in my work place. 1.2 What standards influence your role as a carer and the way you carry out your duties There are many that influence my role such as: Care Standards Act 2000 Health & Safety At Work Act Manual Handling Operations Legislation Codes of Practice National Occupational Standards The Food Standards Act Whistle Blowing Control of Substances Hazardous to Health 1.3 Describe ways you ensure that personal attitudes or beliefs do not  obstruct the quality of your work Firstly remember everyone is an individual and nobody is exactly the same as you, you may have an individual that has beliefs you do not believe in but you should keep this to yourself as its not fair on them to feel as though what they believe in is questioned or wrong and don’t let your own personal feelings get in the way of doing the job correctly and work in a way that supports their needs and beliefs. Try to understand the individual a little more, learning about their history and their beliefs letting them explain it to you this will help you to know alot more about them and make it easier to know their likes and dislikes because of the belief don’t judge the individual for believing in what they do only empathise with them and show you understand and that you respect them and their beliefs. 2.1 Explain why reflecting on practice is an important way to deve lop knowledge, skills and practice It’s important because you will develop more on the things you already know and learn and develop on the things you don’t know you will learn not to make mistakes you may have made in the past and you will learn where improvement is needed which will make you more effecient at the job role you do and alot more confident to do so in knowing how and when to use the skills you have picked up on and put them into practice. 3.1 What sources of support are available to you for your own learning and development? I can find sources of support inside the workplace and outside of the work place, inside the work place I have I have regular supervisions, this is followed by an observation of me in the work place, in the supervision meeting the senior member of staff will tell me how they think I am doing, telling me what I am doing right and also telling me how I could improve in my workplace and things I could work on to better how I am at work. There are also regular meetings so we can do new courses that have come in or renew courses we have already done so our knowledge is always up to date. Outside the work place I could go to the library to widen my learning ability in the workplace or I could do research on the internet. 3.2 Describe the process for agreeing a personal development plan You discuss with a senior member of staff who has watched you and you discuss your improvments that need to be made and proposals on how to meet those objectives and the activites that follows such as reviews and assesments which you both agree on.

Total Quality Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Total Quality Management - Assignment Example Empirical results are expected to show that there would be a marginal increase in performance over a 4-year and 6-year period, respectively, upon installing ISO and TQM programmes. This means that unless firms maintain and sustain the TQM drives continuously, there will be a decline in competitiveness. One of its main objectives is to identify an implementation order concerning tools and techniques. Data from survey show there has been continuous decline in the number of new ISO 9000 registrations in the manufacturing industry since reaching its peak some 4-5 years (up to and including survey year, 1996) ago. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of ISO 9000 and TQM either singly or in combination on the performance of companies. It also explores the order of implementation, which was not addressed previously. In the process, the relationship of practice and performance is investigated and the practices and performance of firms with or without TQM and ISO 9000 in the manufacturing industry is examined. Saraph et al. (1989) were among the first to attempt to organize and coalesce the various TQM prescriptions. They identified eight critical factors of quality management: the role of management leadership and quality policy; the role of the quality department; training; product/service design; supplier quality management; process management; quality data and reporting; and employee relations. Operational measures of these factors were developed and were found to be reliable and valid. By using such measures, decision-makers can assess the level of quality management in their organization in order to devise strategies for further improvements. Starting from a strategic perspective, the work by Flynn et al. (1994) identified and accentuated seven key dimensions of quality management that included top management support, quality information, process management, product design, workforce management and supplier and customer involvement. These dimensions were then tested for reliability and validity and, by doing so, described a clear framework for subsequent research and established a standard by which practitioners could evaluate the effectiveness of their quality management programmes. Through a detailed analysis of the literature, Ahire et al. (1996a) identified 12 constructs of integrated quality management strategies, namely, top management commitment, customer focus, supplier quality management, design quality management, benchmarking, SPC, internal quality informatio

Study Strategies for Specific Course Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Study Strategies for Specific Course - Essay Example Critical Thinking Strategy The first study strategy to be applied in any specific course by a college student would be critical thinking strategy. Looking at the three basic learning styles, auditory learners would have easier time critiquing, synthesizing and analyzing information that they have heard, visual learners would easily critique, synthesis and analyses data they have seen while finally Kinestic learners would easily analyze, synthesis and critique information that was touched. Therefore this means that Critical thinking directly affects the domains of the English language whereby listeners, speakers, readers and writers all acquire and develop this skill in different ways. Reading Strategy Another study strategy would be reading. This study strategy requires the provision of a conducive surrounding and environment. The conditions for this environment should be silence and away from distractions should be provided. Considering the three basic learning styles, the auditory learners and kinestic learners would have a harder time trying to implement this strategy as compared to the visual learners. This is due to the fact that visual learners grasp more information through sight and in reading of books and other sources the source of sight is the most important aspect. Looking at the four domains of English language, it is clear that listeners, speakers and writers should sharpen their reading skills by applying this strategy in order to grasp more information through reading. SQ3R Method Strategy Another important study strategy would be application of the SQ3R method. This method involved Surveying, Questioning, Reading, Reciting then Reviewing once work. This method requires one to be disciplined to ensure they follow this procedure to the letter and do it on a daily basis. By application of this method, auditory learners, visual learners and kinestic learners all have an equal opportunity to benefit from applying this method of learning. This is due to the fact that this strategy touches on all the aspects of learning. Considering the four domains of the English language it would be true to say that by application of this strategy, learners, readers, writers and speakers are all able to gain another skill and sharpen their other skills as this strategy touches on all the four domains. The rhetorical triangle usually refers to presentation of wrk considering three main factors. This is the information the audience and the message. In college the audience is usually the professor or instructor of the course and therefore a student should ensure that the information conveyed to him is in the correct context. In taking up this study strategy and following the steps that entail this study a student is assured to convey the correct information to the instructor Conclusion In conclusion, when applying the critical thinking strategy as a study strategy it would involve the sharpening the skills of critiquing, synthesizing and analyzin g information. Critical thinking skills are not skills that one is born with one has to gradually develop them. This therefore means that neither auditory learners, visual learners nor kinestic learners have an advantage in implementation of this learning strategy. Therefore development of critical thinking skills requires patience and dedication Conclusively, when application of the

Biology - Prader-Willi Syndrome Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biology - Prader-Willi Syndrome - Research Paper Example It was first described by Andrea Prader and Heinrich Willi in 1956. It is a rare genetic disorder in which seven genes or some subsets are deleted, translocated or unexpressed on the paternal chromosome 15. For the genes affected in PWS, the paternal copy is expressed while the maternal one is silenced. The PWS genes are maternally imprinted making the copy inherited from the father active. With this copy absent in PWS due to chromosomal translocation, both copies are imprinted in the maternal realm making the normal genes absent. Therefore people with PWS have a working and a non-working copy. The characteristics of PWS are stunted development in the intellectual functioning same as those associated with intellectual disability. A chronic feeling of hunger that can lead to excessive hunger and life –threatening obesity arises. Then there is a likelihood of strange behavior or complications that may have effect on ones quality life or on the family members negatively. These ch aracteristics draw the quest for scientific research because the genes which are not expressed and thought to be responsible for the disorder are imprinted. PWS is an example that shows the function of imprinted genes in development. This knowledge has led to extensive research about imprinted genes, their occurrence and process of imprinting. There are two different genotypes for PWS which ultimately lead to two phenotypes, causing the need to understand the causes of the phenotypic differences, identifying the gene and their products and discern whether they are imprinted or no (Butler 12). However, the effects of the syndrome vary from individual to individual and on different factors. This has made the exact nature of the abnormality and whether one or more genes are involved to be unknown. Some physical and behavioral features are inherently present while others are not. The syndrome poses major implications for the developing baby in the uterus and throughout the personâ€℠¢s life. At birth there is extreme floppiness and subsequent cognitive, physical and behavioral abnormalities that eventually lead to widespread medical and social needs. Information on the disorder is got from parents whose children have ever developed it, or medical practitioners who have had such a case. The following are clinical features and signs of PWS at different levels of development: In utero, there is decrease in fetal movement, frequent abnormal fetal position and seldom excessive amniotic fluid, a condition known as polyhydramnios. At birth, there is often caesarian births, difficulties in feeding due to poor muscle tone affecting the sucking process, and respiratory difficulties. At infancy level, the difficulties in feeding advances, oversleeping is evident, crossed eyes and delay in intellectual development. At childhood there are notable delays in speech production, overeating from the age of 2-4 years leading to excessive weight gain and sleeping problems. At adol escence, puberty delays, obesity sets in followed by extreme flexibility and a short physique. In adulthood, infertility is common in males and females, vulnerability to diabetes mellitus, learning disabilities, obesity and reduced growth of pubic hair. The general physical appearance of a PWS adult victim comprise the following characteristics: incomplete sexual development, excess fat on the central part of the body, high, narrow forehead, small hands and feet, light skin and hair unlike other family members, and delayed motor development (Waters 85). Cognitively, PWS patients have low or below average intelligent quotient that is generally unusual. Children portray a high visual and perception capacity on reading and writing with poor articulatory and understanding processes. Coordinating received information word by word is relatively hard for them as well as poor arithmetic skills, leading to memory lapses and auditory retention span. Abnormal behavioral patterns include insati able appetite resulting in increased obesity. The cause for

Smoking Ban Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Smoking Ban - Case Study Example If these laws are in acted, the majority of the society or the 80% of the adults who do not smoke will benefit as their exposure to cigarette smoke and its harmful effects will be reduced. 2. A state should have the moral as well as the legal right to decide about the areas where smokers can smoke. This is because the state has a duty of care towards its citizens. According to the ethical theory of care an individual should make decisions while taking into consideration the people they are supposed to care about (Iep.utm.edu, 2014). The state and its representative have taken oath to make rules and regulations in order to protect its citizens and thus they have a duty of care to protect the citizens. Based on these principles, the state should implement such laws in order to protect its citizens from the harmful effects of cigarette smoking. 3. One alternative to a total smoking ban as discussed in the case is the allocation of a separate area to the smokers so they can smoke without disturbing or risking the health of others. Organizations such as restaurants and bars can develop a separate area for those smokers who want to smoke and for those who do not smoke. Secondly, a total ban on smoking in enclosed areas and allowance of smoking in open areas can even be a useful option. 4. There are various steps that the law has dictated that can be taken by an organization to demotivate employees from smoking within the premises of the organization. These steps include the exhibition of signs on the entrance of the organization that state that on premises smoking is not allowed. Secondly, signs should even be placed on the door of the areas where smoking is permitted. These guidelines have been clearly stipulated in the laws of the California Indoor Clean Air Act that was enacted during the period of 1976 (Smoking.uslegal.com, 2014). 5. Cigarette smoking should not be banned completely or cigarette smoking should not be considered as an illegal act.

WW II Responsible for Pearl Harbor Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

WW II Responsible for Pearl Harbor - Thesis Example Before and during WWII, the Hawaiian Islands and Oahu, in particular, used to be an object of strategic importance. The quality of the military defense provided served a reliable measure of the quality and efficiency of all military operations in the United States during the Second World War. â€Å"During the prewar years Oahu and the Panama Canal Zone were the two great outposts of continental defense, and, after Japan plunged the United States into a Pacific War, Oahu became an essential springboard for the offensive that was finally to crush the Japanese Empire.† (Conn, Engelman & Fairchild 150). The quality of the defense procedures in the Hawaiian Islands at the beginning of WWII became a good test to the saliency of the military decisions in the rest of the United States’ territory. Despite the fact that the military significance of the Hawaiian Islands was widely recognized and the Army claimed the Hawaii to be one of the world’s strongest fortresses (Conn, Engelman & Fairchild 150), the strength of the military defense provided left sufficient room for improvements. Failure to protect the Hawaiian Islands from the Japanese attack exposed the hidden facets of inappropriate military decisions made by American politicians and commanders. According to U.S. Congress, the Hawaiian commanders were primarily responsible for failure to protect the Hawaiian Islands in December, 1941. U.S. Congress found that the December, 1941 attack of Japan on the Hawaiian Islands was both an act of aggression and the result of the military misunderstanding among Hawaiian commanders (251). On the one hand, U.S. Congress found that Japan was primarily responsible for the attack and that the force of attack was too powerful and striking to predict and too unexpected than anyone could have thought (U.S. Congress 251). Consequentially, the U.S. military commanders could not employ

ECG Interpretation of the Post Anaesthetic Patient Essay

ECG Interpretation of the Post Anaesthetic Patient - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that monitoring of patients who have experienced a postoperative or preoperative cardiac event is critical as it enables the nurse to respond to any abnormalities that the patient may display. In doing so, the nurse displays high standards of patient care and professional competence in a PACU setting. In the researcher’s department, the PACU uses an ECG to monitor and measure the electrical activity of the heart. 12-leads are used to provide a comprehensive view of the electrical activity of the heart. Monitoring of these values enables the nurse to respond to any abnormalities that may be revealed. These abnormal values in the electrical activity of the heart represent certain abnormalities on the heart that may require rapid intervention. For purposes of developing the researcher’s clinical practice, he got an opportunity to work at stage two PACU. At the beginning of the researcher’s clinical practice experience, his main objective was to learn how to interpret the ECG. Other objectives that he had to include developing the skills and competency required in order to recognize an abnormal ECG, and developing competency in observing and monitoring the cardiac activity of a patient during recovery. According to ACORN, a PARU nurse is expected to specialize in the clinical management and assessment of patients who are in the PARU. The PARU nurse is expected to conduct clinical monitoring and observation of the patients in PARU. The nurse must be fully aware of any clinical limitations and seek advice accordingly. The nurse must monitor, interpret and have the ability to respond to a patient’s clinical needs. It is important also that the PARU nurse optimizes the utilization of all available technologies in an effort to optimize the outcomes of the patient under their care. Among PARU patients, it is common for complications arising from coexisting diseases or anaesthesia surgery to occur. Th e PARU nurse is therefore expected to demonstrate vigilance in assessing and managing of patients while in PARU. Based on the patient’s history and or condition, it may be necessary to monitor the patient’s cardiac activity. ACORN (N6, 2011) statement 9 requires that nurses be working towards achieving knowledge on basic cardiac rhythm and arrhythmias that are life threatening. While working at PACU, I got an opportunity to gain relevant clinical practice experience with regard to the duties and responsibilities of the PACU nurse. I got an opportunity to monitor and observe one of the patients who was recovering in PACU after surgery. The patient was an 83-year-old female who had been admitted to the right cataract surgery. The patient had a medical history of AF, HTN, GORD, CCF, lung cancer and mild cognitive impairment. The patient had a permanent pacemaker inserted in her. The patient’s medication included Cardizem, Coumadin, Durogesic, Hydrea, Lasix, Movical, Nexium, Panadol Osteo and Oste Vit-D. The patient was allergic to Augmentin, Digoxin, Hiprex, Metopropl, Norspan, Oxycontin, Phenergan. The patient’s heart rate was 127 and other important values included QRDS 81, QT 338, QTcB 492, QTcF 434, and QRS 49. With regard to the patient’s observation and monitoring, I observed the patient and took the vitals. I was delighted that I w as proficient when it comes to monitoring and obtaining patient vitals. More importantly, I obtained the patient’s ECG and discussed with my facilitator the accuracy and significance of the ECG reading. The patient had given me the consent to obtain her information. On discussing with my facilitator the reading, I was delighted to be informed that my reading was accurate. Apart from obtaining the ECG reading accurately, my interpretation was also correct according to my facilitator. As a result of the reading that I had

I don't have any topic or image for this, please choose one Essay

I don't have any topic or image for this, please choose one - Essay Example This very museum is famous for collection of all very old and rare pieces of art. Proper security measures are available to ensure that the picture remains safe since there has been a history of stealing and damage being caused to this picture in the past. The painter himself, Leonardo Di Vinci, lived in Europe, Italy, and is world renown for his paintings all over the world. In his pieces of art, he usually made use of the natural angles, proportions and various patterns that gave him an edge over other painters of his time. This is one of the many pieces of arts that has been gifted to the world by the genius. Every angle of the picture holds some interest for the students of art and has led to various assumptions on each angle. For example, in case of eye brows, it is being often said that they were removed unintentionally during the course of art making. A scrupulous review of the picture reveals that there is hardly any hair on the face, the only one that can be detected is prob ably through the employment of single use of the brush. Regarding the subject of picture, the lady herself, on many occasions is being termed as a lady named Lisa Gherardini (Klein 15), who was born in the late XV century and the painter did not even give the portrait to her just because he was totally obsessed with the art that he had crafted. The face expression has held attention of many over number of years through decades. The background of the picture equally compliments the facial expressions and beauty surrounding the face. Many pieces of his art were incomplete, however due to his personal interest and fascination of the subject of the picture, the incumbent brought it to the level of perfection that has many in intrigue. Though exact date of this picture is unknown, yet it is being believed that picture sketching took place somewhere in the early days of the XVI century (between 1503 and 1506) (Goyer and Yorkey 210). The lady on the picture is often named as La Gioconda. I t is being said that the entire portrait took nearly three years to reach the final point of completion, or the point where it is today. From the subject point of view, there is mystery all over the face of the lady. It is being considered as a real mystery for number of reasons. Umpteen amounts of mysteries and stories are attached to it, while some specialists are not sure about the gender, others term it as unresolved, others term it as self portrait while the few of the rest term it as the picture of his wife. To another opinion, she was the wife of a Florence citizen named Francesco Del Gioconda (Cremante 236). The timings attributed to this picture are late afternoon onwards when the natural light would spark at a little low intensity which matched the requirements for portrait sketching perfectly. It is also being said that the painter himself, Leonardo Di Vinci, fell in love not just with the painting but the model in picture. Many have it that he used to carry this portrait along with himself and during the course of its sketching, music and peaceful environment were always in the background to bring the best and most natural expressions out of his subject. Considering its importance and value in the field of arts, it has been stolen number of times, however, on all occasions it was recovered. One of those attempts was made by a person named Vincenzo Peruggia (Crispino 106) early in the XX century .The man was the employee at the very place and it took a

Literary Analysis of Barn Burning Essay Example for Free

Literary Analysis of Barn Burning Essay Child abuse has been a common occurrence throughout the times of this world. In the story Barn Burning that was written by the author William Faulkner, a story is told of a boy named Colonel Sartoris Snopes who lives with his family. His father is a man who has seen the brutality of war and has a very cold heart. His name is Abner Snopes. His heart is so cold that it is almost as if he is not even human. William Faulkner in the story uses words comparing Abner Snopes to a house fly, or stinging wasp and also says that he lifts his hand like a curled claw. This suggests that the Author was trying to give the readers an image of Abner Snopes being someone who lacked human qualities. Mainly he lacked qualities such as compassion and understanding. Abner Snopes outer appearance completely reflects his inner emotions. His leg being shot in the war as he was attempting to steal confederate horses from for his very own self profit, drags behind him everywhere he goes. This image fits well with the strange ideology of family values he has, as well as the inner corruption and love of revenge that this character embodies. He compensates for these lack of human qualities by ruling over his family with an iron fist, and bring violence to anyone who he believes that has done wrong towards him. In the beginning of the story Sartoris and Abner Snopes are in a court room being accused of burning down another man’s barn. Mr. Harris, the barn owner, explains how Abner Snopes pig repeatedly broke through hia fence escaping into Mr. Harris’s property. After multiple occurrences Mr. Harris demands one dollar from Abner Snopes for the return of his animal. A man is sent to Mr.  Harris’s with the money to buy back the hog but as a leaving message the man forewarns Mr. Harris that wood and hay are combustible. The judge decides that that alone is not enough to be used as proof so the case is dismissed. However, the judge lets Abner Snopes know that he wants him out of the county for good. Throughout the story it is obvious the Sartoris’s father is trying to influence him by teaching him how to be corrupt and embrace revenge trying to fool him with words such as â€Å"being loyal to your family before anything else. † (Faulkner) Colonel Sartoris Snopes is quite different from his father. Although his father attempts infusing him with potentially corruptive influence Sartoris has a sense of justice. His father tries to manipulate him by continuously explaining to him the importance of family loyalty, yet Sartoris’s conscious doesn’t agree with everything his father has to do or say. Sartoris’s worldview and morality was for more mature than that of his brothers’ who lacks the will power to stand up to his father. Eventually the family arrives to their new home. Destiny plays out and eventually Abner Snopes gets into his another argument and confrontation has begun. Abner snopes ruins a rug with manure and is told to clean it. He tries but the rug is ruined beyond repair so he is ordered to make a payment. He refuses, so once again they find themselves in court and he is than forced to pay for it. Frustrated and outraged Abner Snopes embraces his wanting of revenge and plans to light fire to the rug owners’ barn. He pours kerosene into a container and demands his son Sartoris to fetch him the oil. Instead he manages to escape and warn the owners of the barn of what is going on and his father is shot and killed. Sartoris acted out of the spur of the moment but he did what his heart wanted him to do. He sees through his Father’s attempts of manipulation and puts an end to his reign of terror over his family. In the end he decides that support he was receiving from his family that his father stated that they were continuously giving him, was something that he could do without. This story is not a typical one when it comes to the topic of child abuse. Most people would think that they would hear about starvation, or beatings, or sexual molestation. But child abuse is harming a child whether it be mentally or physically and forcing a child to live with something like this can be severely mentally damaging.

Communication and Relationship Building In Patient Care

Communication and Relationship Building In Patient Care Communication and relationship building are two concepts which enables health and social care practitioners to deliver a service/care that is person centred. Ferguson et al. (2013) defines patient centred care as care that focuses directly on the patient’s needs. This requires healthcare practitioners, such as nurses and doctors, not only to be able to communicate well with patients but also to build good, strong relationships with them over a period of time if necessary so that they can counsel patients effectively (Reynolds, 2009). In child nursing, family-centred care is used as well as patient centred care, as parents or carers will be the ones to make the decisions about their child unless the child is capable of doing this themselves. Even so, in this situation the needs of the child still have to be met (Young et al., 2006). Fegran (2008) suggests that family-centred care, which is care focused on the patient and their family holistically, has been found to be the best approach in neonatal and paediatric clients. Communication and relationship building are vital to ensure that the client receives the correct possible outcome for their needs. Communication is a necessary fundamental value of patient centred care (Bensing et al., 2000). Department of Health (2010) define communication as an exchange between two or more people to pass on information, thoughts or feelings and suggest that there are two ways in which this can be done; verbally (e.g. speech, written word) and non-verbally (e.g. facial expressions and body language). The study of the origins of ‘communicatio’ are sharing or distributing (Mackay, 1999). Blom-Cooper et al. (1996) found that in the past, communication skills have been seen to be a weakness of the NHS and have often resulted in malpractice claims such as miscommunication of confidential patients’ details which can have serious consequences. Hence, Moss (2008, p.1) states that Communication skills are therefore at the very heart of people work. Non-verbal and verbal communication together increase the persons’ understanding of the message being conveyed by five times the amount compared with verbal communication alone (Argyle, 1992). Non-verbal communication relies on interactions such as facial expressions and body language. Touch is also a type of nonverbal communication and can be used to express care, empathy and solace (Reynolds, 2002). On a recent placement at a neonatal unit, positive touch and massage was found to be a great comfort for certain individuals and staff encouraged parents/carers to use this technique if the baby was too ill to handle. Positive touch and massage have a calming influence over the infant and help to build up a relationship between the child and the parent (Bond, 2013). Therefore on future assessed placements, positive touch will be used and encouraged with others as it proved an excellent general technique found to help calm infants and aid parents/carers bond with their child. Verb al communication relies on the content of speech but can also be in various written forms such as emails and text messages. (Hargie, 2011). Verbal communication can be used on placements to speak to other staff, parents and patients. From experience and Cockcroft (2012), writing care plans and daily evaluations for the next staff member who looks after the child is essential as they can see any changes made, any issues had and any messages that need conveying. Sensory impairments such as deafness, blindness or multi-sensory impairments (MSI) must be taken into consideration, as the persons ability to communicate and receive and understand crucial information is severely strained. (Sense [no date]) It should also be understood that if someone has MSI, then other senses are likely to be impaired so problems may occur with spacial awareness, balance and over/under sensitive touch. These problems can cause difficulties with non-verbal communication methods. Individualised care is pivotal as every patient will have preferences as to how they will communicate with others. Sense [no date] discuss that relationship building may take slightly longer with a person with a sensory impairment as they may not be able to pick up on verbal or non-verbal communication used by practitioners, for example a blind person will not be able to pick up facial expressions used and a deaf person will not be able to pick up changes in the tone of voice used. When vis iting a hospital environment, parents/carers should be encouraged to continue the childs communication system and routine as much as possible, as this will help to reduce stress and the childs fear levels. Sense [no date] realise that it is important that the hospital staff understand how the child usually communicates e.g. sign language, gestures or technical aids. On my last placement I observed that it only takes a short amount of time for parents to get to know their infants behaviours, likes and dislikes and requirements. Therefore, on my next assessed placement, I will be able to quickly recognise non-verbal indicators of the infants needs such as crying and facial expressions. A practitioner needs to have good communication skills so that they can take the background of the patient and be able to explain and give information correctly, explore the patients current situation, discuss and negotiate options such as treatment plans, convey precise data to associates and present their co-workers with the patients case. (Xie et al. 2013) All these factors are essential in the communication between colleagues and between different departments to ensure the correct information is exchanged. An example of this from my previous placement is during handover on the ward, where at the end of the shift the next nurse takes over patients that you have cared for. The nurse needs to know everything about the patient such as the previous history of the patient, any medication given or any changes to medication and any serious problems such as apnoeas. If this does not occur then problems will arise when taking care of the patient. Paediatric nurses also need to be able to a pply different communication skills depending on the age of the patient.This was observed during a recent placement on a neonatal ward where staff had to promote and actively engage in communication with parents, as it isnt possible for the patients themselves to understand what the staff need to tell them. This is an approach that is likely to continue continue throughout most of the career of a child nurse, unless the patient is able to understand the message being conveyed. In this case, the type of communication used will need to be changed to engage the patient in the conversation and the planning of treatment if applicable. In relation to practice, a healthcare practitioner should be reminded that not everybody wants what I would want in a healthcare situation (Allen and Brock, 2000, p.48). This is a good first step for assessing how to approach an individual as it allows them to consider what the patient may want, but also about how the patient may communicate. Bensing et al. (2000) found that this type of approach allows focus on the patient’s personality and preferences, instead of just general approach to communication. Allen and Brock (2000) suggest that if the first step works, then the second step would be to keep communicating and working with the patient in the same way if not then other action is required. Allen and Brock (2000) discuss four questions that should be asked in this instance: Is this person an extrovert or an introvert? Is this person focusing on the bigger picture or just specifics? Is this a person analysing using logical implication or the impact on people? Is this per son interested only in the closure or the processing of the situation? These questions will help the healthcare practitioner decide how best to communicate with their client and build their relationship to gain a strong bond. This helps to support a service as the clients will gain confidence in that person and begin to trust them. On my last placement I considered these four questions whilst interacting with a parent on the ward and found I could communicate better with them as I knew how to approach them. In the future these questions will be asked by myself everytime I work with a client. This means I will be able to build up a good, strong, trusting relationship with the clients and this way we can aim to reach the goal we want to achieve much more efficiently. The outcomes of the four questions discussed by Allen and Brock (2000) can also be applied to relationships between people working as part of a team. The questions show that there are different personalities within each t eam of practitioners and people will react differently in different situations. On my last placement a crash call was sent to my mentor and we had to attend immediately. As this was a new experience I tried to remain calm as becoming fraught would not help the situation but afterwards I found myself a little shook up as I realised that the crash call could not have gone as well as it had done. A popular American model for teaching and assessing communication skills is the SEGUE framework. SEGUE is an acronym for Set the stage, Elicit information, Give information, Understand the patient’s perspective, End the encounter (Makoul, 2001, p.23). This can be used by an individual to figure out the best type of communication to use, and how they can apply it to the situation. It also allows reflection and possibly improvement on interactions with patients. Morehouse School of Medicine (2013) describe the actions that take place during the five stages. The first stage would be greeting the patient, establishing the reason for their visit and finding out what the patient knows about their condition. The second stage would be to find out what the patient would like to know about their condition and any problems they may be having. The third stage would be to give them the information they require in a simplified, direct way. The fourth stage would be to acknowledge any change s the patient may have e.g. challenges they face. The fifth stage would be to end the encounter and review the treatment plan if necessary. Gantert et al. (2008) defines relationship building as a relationship that evolves over time by the use of interactions. A nurse-client relationship is constructed to meet the needs of the client and it is imperative that the formed relationship remains professional (CRNBC, 2006). A nurses ability to build good relationships with patients, parents/carers and other healthcare practitioners is vital because the needs of the patient will be met and so it is highly likely that the patient could experience better health (Nursing Times, 2009). McNaughton (2005) suggests that relationships are established by interactions between individuals and through this, trust is built and confidence in the other person is created. This enhances a groups ability to respect each other and work well together to reach a target (Amnis, [no date]). McNaughton (2005) found that collaborative problem solving can only occur when trust is present between the nurse and the client, as only then will the client dis close any anxieties they may have. Amnis [no date] recognise that relationship building is of great importance in healthcare because it allows different groups of people to collaborate so that services provided are of the highest standard. Amnis [no date] also suggest that ongoing relationship building is essential due to extra stresses on the healthcare system, such as budget cuts leading to less staff being employed and an increasing demand on the use of the system. Good relationships are needed within the team as it makes them work more effectively together and this is achieved via good communication skills. A previous neonatal placement taught students that the stronger the bond with the babys parents, the easier it was to influence and support them with any decision making. Fegran (2008) found that whilst it is important for the nurse to have a good relationship with the parents, it is essential to encourage a relationship between the parents and baby. This was demonstrated on placement by regular visits from parents and them completing cares for the child, for example changing their nappy and bathing them. Allen and Brock (2000) suggest that if a patient has a similar personality type and share the same behaviours as the practitioner, then the response will be more positive and the client will be more persuasive and easier to talk to. This has also been found to affect patient adherence to treatment (Stewart et al., 1999). This is not always applicable to every situation as not everyone has the same interests, and parents make vital decisions on behalf of their child. However, by healthcare practitioners speaking to parents and relatives and trying to find a common interest, they may feel more involved and much more likely to admit if they have a concern. This can be applied to any future placements as once parents and relatives establish a relationship with you, through the use of communcation, they may feel your advice is more trustworthy and adhere to it. Reeder (1972) states until recently, patients were seen as clients, often leaving important decisions in the hands of the practitioner, and health providers seen as practitioners. However patients are now seen as consumers, and this has given them more power as they expect to be able to voice their opinions, be guided and tell the health provider what they require. Practitioners are now seen as health providers and are able to discuss options and build up a strong relationship with the consumer (Reeder, 1972). However, some patients want practitioners to be mainly responsible for the decisions of their treatment but feel involved in the process at the same time, as the patients feel able to trust the decisions of the professional more than their own. In this situation the practitioner needs to be able to individualise their patient and try and put forth the right decision for that individual, which may result in the same illnesses being treated in different ways. It it vitally import ant that the consumer is able to communicate and trust the healthcare provider (Mendick et al., 2010). From previous experience I feel this as a patient myself because if I didnt trust my consultant then I would not have agreed to a complex operation which could have had serious implications on my life had it have gone wrong. In terms of paediatric nursing, it is important to discuss options with the clients parent/carer as they are the ones to make the ultimate decisions, after a relationship has been established. Consequently, on my next placement I will communicate well using both verbal and non-verbal skills and use not only patient-centred care, but family-centred care. Good relationships between the patient and the practitioner are key to patient centred care, however paediatric nurses also need to work in partnership with the family as this achieves the best outcome for the child. This was found during my first work placement as by working with one of the babys fathers, the baby was able to go home earlier than expected. The father learnt how to change a nasogastric tube so that he would be able to to do it at home as well as feeding the baby via the tube. A study found that instead of just focusing on the medical problem the child may have, building a relationship and supporting a family whilst helping to sort out the medical problem at the same time is essential for a child nurse. This approach is more individualised care as opposed to using general medical nursing skills (Robinson, 1982). This was observed on a previous placement as all staff focused primarily on the childs medical problem but also on building a relationship with the family by keeping them up to date on their childs condition, communicating with the family during visits and including them in the childs daily routine so that they feel included. In conclusion communication and relationship building is essential for efficient patient centred care.

Cultural Materialism Essay example -- essays research papers

When it comes to anthropological theory the combination of several established ways of thought often result in a completely new and independent way of thinking. Cultural Materialism is one of these children theories that resulted from a coming together of social evolutionary theory, cultural ecology and Marxist materialism (Barfield). The goal of cultural materialism is to explain politics, economics, ideology and symbolic aspects of a culture with relation to the needs of that society. From a cultural materialist point of view society is indisputably shaped by the factors of production and reproduction. From this all other facets of society, such as government and religion, must be beneficial to that society’s ability to satisfy the minimum requirements to sustain themselves (Harris 1996). An example of this would be the invention and continued use of industry because it increased the ability to produce needed materials and food. One important aspect of the cultural material istic approach is that it operates completely from the etic perspective. Marvin Harris, one of the founders of cultural materialism, believed that a holistic approach is vital to correctly analyzing culture and believed that the emic approach failed at providing a wide enough scope. Harris tried to employ the scientific method and incorporated it into his theory. The result of this is that cultural materialism focuses only on events that are observable and quantifiable and replicable (Harris 1979). Cultu...

Interactivity In Art Essay -- Art Design Artistic Essays

Interactivity In Art Abstract: This essay examines the nature of interactivity in the arts through a cybernetic model, to arrive at an understanding of how interactive artworks can maintain and augment the subjectivity of the viewer. The cybernetic discourse foregrounds the relationship between the physical artifact (machine and/or work of art), the participant/spectator, and information/data/content. By examining the shifts in focus from each part of the cybernetic equation, several models for interactivity in art emerge. In a search for a definitive and user-centered working model of interactivity in the arts, a logical place to look is at the history of cybernetics. Cybernetics, defined by Norbert Wiener in Cybernetics: or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine as â€Å"†¦the entire field of control or communication theory, whether in the machine or in the animal† (Wiener 11) contains a number of pointers to a useful model of interactivity. The origin of the term cybernetics from the Greek, meaning â€Å"to steer†, implies a reciprocal relationship between external forces, the machine, and the human to maintain a condition of homeostatic. In a work of interactive art, as in Wiener’s description of a bee-hive, the secret of its organized action lies â€Å"in the intercommunication of its members† (156). A second fertile site to mine for understanding the nature of interaction in the arts is the traditions and conventions of the art object itself; at how the art object is thought to project feeling and meaning , to change across time and culture, and to involve the viewer, temporality, and artist in a dynamic interchange within an aesthetic dimension. Toward these ends, I will address two questions:... ...n, 1999) Susanne K. Langer, Mind, an Essay on Human Feeling, John Hopkins University Press, (London, 1982) John C. Lilly, M.D., Programming and Metaprogramming in the Human Biocomputer, Julian Press Inc, Crown Publishing Group, (New York, 1969) Lev Manovich, The Language of New Media, MIT Press, Leonardo Books, (Cambridge, 2001) __ On Totalitarian Interactivity (notes from the enemy of the people, http://www.manovich.net/text/totalitarian.html, 1996. Heinz von Forester, â€Å"Molecular Ethnology: An immodest proposal for Semantic Clarification, † Observing Systems, 2nd Edition,, Intersystems Publications, (Salinas California 1984) Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela, Autopoesis and Cognition: The Realization of the Living (Dordrecht: D. Reidel 1980). Perry Hoberman, Faraday’s Garden, http://www.hoberman.com/perry/pages/faraday/list.html

Ion Channel Effects Essay -- Medicine Drugs Prozac Pharmacy Essays

Ion Channel Effects The drug Prozac, otherwise known as Fluoxetine, has been believed to cause few side effects in general. Evidence also indicates that fluoxetine has various additional effects on several ion channels within the brain. Fluoxetine has demonstrated exerted effects on a variety of ion channels, the drug inhibited K+ and Na+ currents in lens and corneal epithelium, and the inhibitory effects of fluoxetine on ionic currents (Hahn, 1999). This suggests that since local concentration of fluoxetine may rise in the small extracellular space surrounding neurons, fluoxetine could act as an ion channel inhibitor in the brain. Research done by the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, at the Catholic University of Korea, showed that fluoxetine is a potent inhibitor of voltage activated K+, Ca2+, and Na+ channels in PC12 cells. The inhibition of K+ channels by fluoxetine was concentration dependent but was not voltage dependent (Hahn, 1999). The inhibitory effects of fluoxetine on K+ currents were not abolished by inhibitors of protein kinases (H7, staurosporine, Rp cAMPS), indicating that protein kinases and G proteins were not involved in the inhibition of K+ currents by fluoxetine (Hahn, 1999). The study concluded that the overall effects of fluoxetine on neurons will be determined by the expression pattern of individual ion channels in different neurons, and this phenomenon may have pharmacological implications (Hahn, 1999). Norfluoxetine is the most important active metabolite of the antidepressant compound, flouxetine. In a study done by the University Medical School of Debrecen, the effects of fluoxetine and its major metabolite, norfluoxet... ...Glenmullen, Joseph, PhD. Prozac Backlash, 2001 Greens Fortuna Pharmacy, patient information leaflet, (2005) Hahn, J., The effects of Prozac on the Brain, (1999) Kalat, James W., Biological Psychology, 8th ed., (2004) Kobayashi, Toru, Kazuo, Washiyama, Kazutaku, Ikeda, Inhibitin of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels by fluoxetin(Prozac), British Journal of Pharmacology,(2003), 138, 1119-1128. Magyar J, Swentandrassy N, Banyasz T, Kecskemeti V, and Nanasi PP, Department of Physiology, University Medical School of Debrecen, Hungary, (2004) Turking, Carol Ann, and Kaplan, Eliot F.,M.D., Making the Prozac Decision, (1994) Twersky, Ori. FDA Approves Prozac for Treating Severe form of PMS, WebMD, Medical News, (2000) Walker, P.W. Cole, J.O., and Gardner E.A. , Improvement in Fluoxetine-associated dysfunctions, (1993)

Novel by Haruki Murakami Essay

The short story â€Å"On Seeing the 100% Perfect Girl One Beautiful April Morning† by Haruki Murakami connects with the reader through the idea that you can encounter true love by chance. Unfortunately, that chance can get away from you without any real action from yourself. The story is set in Tokyo in 1981 on what is described as a beautiful April morning. It sounds like a regular day, what made it beautiful for the main character was that he saw the girl that was 100% perfect girl for him. The methods of fiction help us better understand and connect to stories. The narration is done in the first and third person points of view. The first person point of view inserts the reader into the situation, making the story very personal. The third person narrative gives a different, larger perspective on the story and gives us more of an insight into the concept of chance. From a characterization stand point the main character is portrayed as a regular person and really only encounters a regular girl but in his eyes, she is really more like a girl from another world. There is one other person in the story but only provides a little bit of dialogue and is not developed at all. The third person narrative develops the two different main characters in ways first person does not. The overall tone of the story is somber. The idea of once having your true love so close then letting â€Å"fate† run its course only to never feel the same way again is depressing As a whole, this story connects the reader to an event that many have probably encountered in their life; seeing the perfect person, just for a second but not taking action. We go on with our lives and think nothing of it but this story delves a bit deeper into a possible scenario connecting the two people. In the end however, the characters still lose each other.

Environment Stewards

‘As Stewards unite to heal, care and preserve God’s creation’ Today there is an urgent need for ‘ecological conversion’ to protect not only the natural environment but also the human quality of life. Pope John-Paul II, â€Å"Life and nature are similar concepts because nature is the study of how life acts and interacts within the circle of existence†. When we take the time to examine the beauty of the world around us, we are able to see parallels within our own lives. One who is attuned with nature is attuned with the practice of living.However our beautiful and natural environment has come under threat, there is undeniable evidence of global warming. Hundreds of species become extinct every day because we are cutting down the rain forests. All around the earth, environmentalists are pointing out devastation. There is hardly a day that passes by without alarming news reports about climate change. Hurricanes, typhoons, floods, tsunamis and droug hts have become more frequent, more ferocious. It is mankind’s responsibility to monitor their behaviour and attitudes towards the environment and to strive towards a greater solidarity with people and the planet.However this is not being practiced mainly because most people are not aware of how far the environment has been affected by our continuous exploitation of it. One way we can exhibit respect for creation and reverence for the Creator is by adopting various ways which will help in preserving natural environments, protecting endangered species, labouring to make human environments compatible with local ecology, employing appropriate technology, and carefully evaluating technological innovations, Reverence for the Creator should serve as ground for environmental responsibility.For the very plants and animals, mountains and oceans, which in their loveliness remind us of our creator because of their fragility and uniqueness, are slowly but surely getting extinct. God who brings everything into being and sustains all existence is who we are accountable to, for what we do or fail to do to preserve and care for the earth and all its creatures. Dwelling in the presence of the creator, we begin to experience ourselves as part of creation, as stewards within it, not separate from it.As faithful stewards, fullness of life comes from living responsibly within God's creation. Stewardship implies that we must both care for creation according to standards that are not of our own making and at the same time be resourceful in finding ways to make the earth flourish. It is quite a difficult balance, requiring both a sense of limits and a definite spirit of experimentation. Even as we enjoy nature’s beauty, stewardship places the responsibility for the well-being of all God's creatures. Respect for nature and respect for human life are inextricably related. Respect for life, and above all for the dignity of the human person,†  ¬Pope John Paul II has written, extends also to us stewards, we must not be engaged in cutting down trees for quick or immediate gains and therefore cause environmental degradation. We should rather see the value of tree planting for various reasons. There is the stewardship of the way trees help to support the earth and maintain the environment. We should be responsive to anti-desertification measures such as over-grazing, tree planting and soil conservation. We must also have concern for the use of chemicals.Most agricultural and household chemicals are harmful to the environment. God has given us to protect and care for the earth, and this can only be done through sustainability, Sustainability of the environment which is a key aspect of Stewardship. God has endowed us with reason and ingenuity that distinguish humans from other creatures. Ingenuity and creativity have enabled us to make remarkable advances and can help us address the problems of environmental degradation; however, we have not always used these endowments wisely. Past actions have produced good works and harmful ones, as well as unforeseen or unintended consequences.As we use the land, we need to heed God’s call to exercise stewardship in a way that respects and protects the integrity of creation and to provide for the common good as well as for economic and social justice. Much of current agricultural development and teaching has been based on selfish motivation that of maximising gain for minimum effort, without consideration for the long term cost to our environment and the world at large. God made the earth in a balanced and integrated way, and yet our actions portray us fighting against the earth rather than protecting it. That incentive grows even stronger when we appreciate that God has placed these gifts at our disposal because of his Love for us and so that we can better serve and please him. Taking action, to join together on the theme of climate change, to tackle this monumental challenge for t he sake of the common good of our common home, now and in the future. As Christians, we are grateful for the gift of creation and we must therefore work towards ensuring that we raise the moral issue of the urgency of the environmental crisis.As individuals, as institutions, as nations we need a change of heart to preserve and protect the planet for our fellow creatures and generations to come. As Stewards, we should see the earth in a different light from others involved in human development. Our perspective shares the concern of many environmentalists but in a different way. Because we now know that most of the climate change problems result from human activity it is the responsibility of each one of us to monitor our behaviour and attitudes towards the environment and to strive towards a greater solidarity with people and the planet.The pursuit of Peace – lasting peace based on justice – should to be an environmental priority because the earth itself bears the wound s and scars of war. Likewise, our efforts to defend the dignity and rights of the poor and of workers, to use the strength of our market economy to meet basic human needs, and to press for greater national and global economic justice are dearly linked to efforts to preserve and sustain the earth. These are not distinct and separate issues but complimentary challenges. We need to help build bridges among the peace, justice, and environmental agendas and constituencies. – Prepared by Maria Fernandez

Notebook Analysis

Analysis of The Notebook Movie Clip Lindsey Scott ENG225 Allison Sansbury November 18, 2012 Analysis of The Notebook Movie Clip There are many people involved in making a movie possible. When everything is put together it seems as though it was just one simple camera shot. But looking closer and at a short clip of a movie shows a little light on how much was actually done to make it realistic. The first thing people notice and pay attention to are the actors. But who tells the actors where to stand, what to say, and what emotions to portray? Who adds that little bit of background music to bring out the anger, sadness, or love in a scene?When going through the â€Å"outtakes† of a movie it shows that there is someone responsible for putting just the right shots in the right place. There is more to a movie than just the actors and someone yelling â€Å"cut†. Watching a clip of the movie trailer for The Notebook brings all of these things to light. In the movie The Noteboo k the director is Nick Cassavetes. His role is to translate the screenwriter’s story so that the actors and crew can successfully play it out. It’s up to the director to turn the elements into film with words, images, and sound. This brings together an entertaining movie.Nick was able to take Nicholas Sparks book and bring the characters, emotions, and story to life. The way be brought together Nicholas Sparks’ vision and his own created an amazing movie. The production designer Sarah E. Knowles, was responsible for the overall look of a project. â€Å"They direct the art department and set builders to turn their imagination into reality. † (http://filmtvcareers. about. com/od/basics/p/CP_ProdDesigner. htm). In this clip the characters are outside a beautiful house. This setting is simply and an area that everyone can relate to.By not having them in some farfetched place Sarah kept the realistic feel to the couples argument. Art director Scott T. Ritenour over seed the artistic design of advertisements and print materials, as well as the filming of television commercials. He was the decision maker responsible for the finished product. â€Å"The art director chooses a photographer, an illustrator, models, and any props necessary for an ad. If a print ad comes back from the printer with an imperfection, the art director is responsible for retouching it. † (http://careers. stateuniversity. com/pages/115/Art-Director. tml#ixzz2CKahNlDp) This clip in particular is at night. The sky is dark with just the lighting of the porch light and driveway lights. Yet the lighting that the artists used allows us to be able to see the expressions on the characters faces. It sets a serious mood with the added emotion of trying to read each other’s faces in the dark. As the couple bickers back and forth they move along with the other to try and read their facial expressions. The clip ends with Noah driving away in his truck. As he is drivi ng down the driveway the only light is the path lights.This allows him to drive into the dark of the night and sets the thought of him being gone. As this is happening it shows Allie standing alone. The darkness of the night emphases Allie feeling alone and left behind as Noah drives away. Allie is from a wealthy family while Noah is quite poor. Throughout the movie you are constantly reminded about their social class standing by their appearance. In the clip of them breaking up, Allie of course is in a very nice and clean dress and jacket. Her hair is curled and her natural makeup gives her the innocent girl look. She continuously has matching earrings to her outfits.While Noah is in a flannel jacket, messy hair and using his work truck. Having Noah in lower class clothes while standing in front of Allie’s parents house shows the difference and why he would feel misplaced. Her family has already made it very clear that they are not ok with their relationship. Back in the 194 0’s (the time setting of the movie), it was not acceptable for a women from a wealthy family to court such a lower class man. We can see the struggle and heartache the two go through just to be together. Allis is always worried about what everyone else will think and what her parents want for her.Yet Noah is such a free spirit and just wants Allie to be happy. Showing Allie dressed so prim and proper whenever she is around anyone yet not caring if she is dirty, messy or dripping wet around Noah is a symbol of her love. It shows that she is so comfortable with him and truly does not care about the money or class statue. Noah tries to look his best when meeting her parents. By changing his appearance for Allie to try and make her feel more comfortable and have her relationship accepted by her family is such a kind gesture. Even though these costume changes are throughout the movie, it is

Compare two or more poems that convey different impressions about town life Essay

Compare two or more poems that convey different impressions about town life. Compare their purposes and techniques in writing these poems. In this essay I will analyse and discuss the similarities and differences of four poems, all about relating to life in London: ‘Symphony In Yellow’ by Oscar Wilde, ‘Composed Upon Westminster Bridge’ by William Wordsworth, ‘London’ by William Blake, and ‘Conveyancing’ by Thomas Hood. I will aim to focus on the techniques used by the poets and the overall effect the poet is trying to create. I will later illustrate the similarities and differences between the poems and how they convey comparable impressions of London. In the late 18th and 19th century, the country life was seen to be peaceful and calm, and London in general was seen as a busy and hectic atmosphere. Oscar Wilde was born in 1854 and grew up in an intellectually bustling Irish household. His inspirations of London came when he visited the city, in order of fulfilling his dream of becoming famous. I would expect an idealistic impression of London from Wilde, as he looks up upon London and believes that it is the place in which he will gain a successful career. William Wordsworth was brought up in the Lake District where he became extremely familiar of the exquisiteness of the surroundings. In his poems, I would expect Wordsworth to revolve around nature and to capture the inner beauty that the environment creates. William Blake was an imaginative poet who had visionary experiences for the supernatural. I expect that in his poems, the images created would be of an abnormal presence or enclosing a lack of liveliness and presenting a disturbed situation. Thomas Hood was brought up in a part of London which was not so wealthy, and where the citizens were not as well off than other parts of London. Later in his life, he was left to roam the streets of London, a time when he spent most of his life in solitary. This leads to me believing that Hood would write his poems about the different areas of the city, and what London basically comprises of. Also, I think believe that his poetry would have meaning that links in with the passing of time, as Hood spent a lot of his life watching the time go by. ‘Composed Upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802’ is a petrachan sonnet, not written about love, but one in which eulogises the view over West Minster Bridge. William Wordsworth is describing the view because he is inspired it and the feelings surrounding the beauty of the view. It is similar to ‘Symphony in Yellow’ because it is an idealistic view of the surroundings; it also has a beautiful, tranquil impression of city life. The poem is set in the early morning, which gives a special sort of radiance to the city. It gives an impression of a clean and refreshed setting that is virtually seen as shiny and new. It beauty is enhanced by introducing the dazzling sun. The poem is different to ‘Conveyancing’ as it is more peaceful and calming. Later in the day it would be more tense, more rushing, and lots of hustle and bustle. Wordsworth’s impression is based on London at a time of the morning where everything is asleep, and the time when nature invades a man-made scene. He uses antiquated words such as, â€Å"doth,† and â€Å"ne-er† which gives a sense of the city being more special, â€Å"The city now doth.† Wordsworth also uses similes such as, â€Å"like a garment, wear the beauty of the morning,† suggests that the morning is the striking part, like a garment cloaking the reality of the city. It is a covering, a beautiful faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade that is only temporary while the morning lasts. The word â€Å"steep† means to be saturated in. The sun is completely saturating the hill; never did it more beautifully shine until it shone onto the buildings. The power of the sun if infusing all buildings with light. The effect given is that of the sheer radiance of sun, which is saturating everything. The metaphor, â€Å"That mighty heart† relates towards the human body; the heart, being the main organ, is at the centre. The heart pumps resources around and therefore gives life and feeds the rest of the city. Everything centres around the city, while country is a life-giving organ. â€Å"Touching and majesty†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ in line 3 suggests awe and wonder, the poet is emotionally moved by the sight. It is a graceful and elegant sight that holds certain power that allows it to come across as commanding and reveal an impressive nature. It is to be looked upon, and it forces you to be humble upon its present. â€Å"The beauty of the morning; silent, bare, Ships, towers, domes, theatres and temples lie.† This list helps to construct the landscape as well as to create an image of all the buildings in the distant. It fills in the reader’s knowledge of the actual physical features that lay in the city, which help to understand the overall image created by filling in more detail to it. â€Å"Bright and glittering† implies a sense that the buildings are treasures, like jewels all glittering as the sun is shimmering through. â€Å"Never did sun more beautifully steep† contains alliteration, which produces sibilant sounds. This contributes to a tranquil feeling, certainly not an aggressive sound. It creates a restful atmosphere, and with the aid of soft consonants such as ‘s’ a smooth dreamy effect is created. â€Å"Ne’er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!† This repetition disrupts the flow and draws attention to the fine feeling he has. Quite a spontaneous feeling is illustrated by adding as it goes along; it is a personal attempt to record feelings. â€Å"The river glideth at his own sweet will,† is a form of personification that infuses the river with a sense of life. The personality of the river is amiable and sweet natured, it is a sentimental way of making it a positive feature. â€Å"Dear God!† The abrupt exclamation jolts the poem in attempt to suddenly articulate his feelings. It is quite a conversational line that recreates the experience of personal thought and emotion. The poem ‘Conveyancing’ is a ballad that uses comedy to portray a bustling picture of life in London. Conveyancing is a general term for ‘moving things from one place to another,’ which is exactly what this poem is about. It is a ballad, which tells a story, and is characterized by stanzas of four lines that rhyme alternately. The poem has a regular rhythm/rhyme scheme throughout, and regular syllables to help people sing it fluently. It is a version of a comedy poem with a punch that portrays London as a place of trade, poverty and stealing. The word â€Å"Bustling† suggests light-hearted action. Hood is being affectionate towards London but critical also, â€Å"no one ever stops.† It suggests that the city is too busy, and life is always on the go, â€Å"loco-motion!† â€Å"Machine or man, or caravan,† implies that people are always busy making and taking money. It also means that you can practically have anything if you pay for it. There is a lot of mention about the actual people in the city, and what happens in their life. Also, how they make an impact on how the city looks at a stereotypical perspective. There is talk about gambling, people getting drunk, and journalists. There are also jokes about horses being out of condition, â€Å"Then if you like a single horse, This age is quite a cab-age.† This suggests the poverty and scarcity in the city. â€Å"Perched up to behind, at last to find, Your dinner is all dickey!† This is being critical of the cafes in London, and also of the standard of food that is served there. There is a satirical tone that is brought in throughout the poem, whence the positive and negative aspects are shown. Some of the words are italicised, this defines a certain emphasis on words that create a constant rhythm going. There are a lot of references to transport such as steam, train and horses. This adds to the impression of a fast-paced moving environment. ‘Symphony in Yellow’ is a poem where Wilde picks out dimensions of a scene that he is describing. There is far less activity in this poem than ‘Conveyancing,’ and more of a tranquil atmosphere. The humans are not dominant impressions unlike ‘Conveyancing.’ ‘Symphony in Yellow’ is more about the nature and the soothing tone of the country. â€Å"Crawls like a yellow butterfly,† is associating with meadows and peace. It adds to the calm and relaxed mood of the poem. â€Å"The thick fog hangs along the quay.† This quote shows the fact that for is not just described as a dismal and depressing feature, but as elegant and enhancing. There are signs of trees and vegetation, â€Å"The yellow leaves begin to fade.† Also, â€Å"And flutter from the Temple elms.† Again, this enhances the nature prospect and the beauty of the poem. â€Å"Pale green Thames,† is another dazzling luxury, which brings colour to the scene. Wilde’s ‘Symphony in Yellow’ is a simple image-based soporyphic poem. It is written in a very idealistic motion, painting a misleading portrait. It is more artistic that accurate. The poem is rather like ‘Composed Upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802’ as it is an idealistic view of London, taking into account the nature and character of the city instead of focusing on man-made features.

Carnap Empiricism, Semantics and Ontology Essay

Carnap Empiricism, Semantics and Ontology - Essay Example The concern on the use of abstract entities in semantics comes from the two divergent views held by semanticists. One group of semanticists; especially those inclined to science hold that some expressions refer to entities including both concrete materials and abstract entities. Concrete materials refer to tangible objects such as trees. However, other semanticists oppose such a view and argue that such a perspective goes against the principles of empiricism and takes semantics back to the â€Å"Metaphysical Ontology of the Platonic Kind† (Carnap 242). By saying that such a perspective takes semantics to â€Å"Metaphysical of the Platonic Kind† implies that the approach reduces semantics to imitation where semantics can only refer to observable objects. The paper will therefore explore the best approach that may used in inclusion of abstract entities into semantics and avert a controversy as one brought out by Carnap. It will be achieved by first discussing linguistic f rameworks, numbers as abstract realities and the implication of accepting a new kind of entities. To dispel the controversy presented above, Carnap begin by discussing the linguistic frameworks. Carnap poses a question on whether there exist classes, properties and propositions and goes ahead to assert that such can only be understood by recognizing the distinction between two forms of questions touching on the reality of entities (242). Firstly, Carnap discusses about internal questions that are formulated using new structures of expression. Answers to internal questions may only be achieved by following a logical sequence or empirical methods based on whether the framework is a factual or logical one (242). Logical sequencing refers to finding answers through a series of questions. Empirical method refers to answering question using theories. On the other hand, external questions are in complex forms and require closer evaluation. The reason

Sustainable Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sustainable Development - Essay Example ating for sustainable development, several conditions need to be fulfilled such as respecting the environment and preventing the overexploitation of natural resources. In addition, an emphasis on sustainable development also means minimizing waste production and controlling energy consumption. In order to realise sustainability, development needs to combine at least three elements that include fairness, protecting the environment and promoting economic efficiency (Russel 2007, p.189). As such, projects targeting sustainable development require a consultative process for those impacted and any policy implemented also require endorsement from consumers in terms of transparency and participation. On another note, sustainable development is crucial for the UK government because there is an urgent need to protect biodiversity. In addition, it is also important for the country to engage in efficient use of resources and reduce wastes in order to realise sustainable growth. For the UK gover nment, the needs and also wellbeing of citizens at present and in the future should be treated with great importance. As such, the government other than rebuilding the economy also needs to give attention to the quality of life. Further, implementing policies geared at sustainable development is important in protecting the needs of not only the present, but also future generations (Russel 2007, p.191). Sustainable environment aims at protecting the biodiversity which is important in improving the quality of life for the present and future generations. In essence, new strategy for sustainable development in UK plays a role in ensuring efficient management of the country’s resources on a long term basis. The UK government is committed towards the realization of sustainable development that involves making important decisions with regard to improving economic growth, dealing with the deficit and maximising wellbeing and the protection of the environment. The government intends to

Journal entry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Journal entry - Essay Example at the solicitation of japan, was still in conversation with its government and emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the pacific† the speakers character of being a peaceful person trying to seek peaceful ways of solving a conflict is brought out. He tries to convince the congress that his government made all the peaceful attempts to find amicable solution and indeed it’s the government of japan that is at fault and therefore drastic action should be taken against them (Gross et al 78). â€Å"Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya. Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong. Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam. Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands. Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island. And this morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves† the speaker uses a lot of repetition employing the artistic style of logic, giving supportive evidences to bring out the facts that indeed japan is offensive due to the many attacks and congress should declare war with them (Gross et al 88) The other rhetorical technique employed by the speaker is the use of pathos when he says â€Å"The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost† the speaker tries to bring out the damage and loss of lives caused by the attack therefore tries to invoke emotions of sympathy and anger for the lives lost and anger about the attack hence the reason why congress should act(Gross et al 90). The speaker used evidence based arguments that he illustrated with a lot of emotions to bring out the urgency of the matter to congress and the American people. The use of artistic techniques such as logos pathos and ethos brought out the speakers character

Zabeel Saray Hotel background Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Zabeel Saray Hotel background - Essay Example Hotels of this chain spread across the globe include Jumeirah Dhevanafushi which is in Maldives, Shanghai based Jumeirah Himalayas Hotel, Jumeirah Carlton Tower in London, Jumeirah Frankfurt Hotel in Germany, and Jumeirah Essex House which is a famous hotel in New York. Jumeirah Hospitality and the Emirates Academy of Hospitality Management are both organized by the Jumeirah Group. Currently, Jumeirah hotels are in different countries including Jordan, Bermuda, Thailand, the UK and the USA. Although the prime function of the Jumeirah Group is operation of resorts and luxury hotels, yet the Group extends its functions to include management of the Jumeirah Living and of serviced residences that include but are not limited to the spa brand Talise, Jumeirah Group’s restaurant division, Jumeirah Retail and the Wild Wadi Waterpark. â€Å"Whenever you stay with us or use any of our services, our aim is for you to come away with a sense of the Jumeirah spirit - a genuinely caring and personal service† (Lawless, 2011). Jumeirah Zabeel Saray is one of the hotels of the Jumeirah hotel chain which is located in the West Crescent, Palm Jumeirah in Dubai. It is on one of the exotic private beaches of Dubai in the vicinity of the Emirates Golf Club and the Dubai Marina Mall. At Jumeirah Zabeel Saray, customers enjoy â€Å"unparalleled luxury, [are] introduced to the royalty of the Ottoman Empire and sure enough get fascinated by the unrivaled hospitality† (Dubaishortstay.com, 2012). The speciality of Jumeirah Zabeel Saray is that it provides its customers with a wonderful experience of a walk on the sand beach in the sun along with all the luxuries conventionally provided by the Jumeirah hotel chain. â€Å"Spend the day at the beach and work on your tan with sun loungers (chaise longues) or relax in the shade with umbrellas† (Hotels.com, 2012). Jumeirah Zabeel Sarah has five restaurants in total.

Human Resource Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Human Resource - Essay Example Current paper focuses on two particular aspects of Human Resources Management: Acquisition and Development of employees. Reference is made to a major competitor in the UK market: TESCO. The recruitment and selection process of the organization has been examined and evaluated. At the same time, the training and development programs of the firm are presented and analyzed in order to understand their contribution in the growth of the organization. It is concluded that the organization’s plans in regard the Acquisition and Development of its employees are unique, at the level that highly emphasis is given not just on the attracting of highly qualified staff but also on the continuous development of employees, according to their needs and potentials. 2.0 HRM – overview and presentation of key aspects 2.1 Role of HRM in modern organizations HRM is considered as a key sector in organizations operating in all industries. In the literature the elements of HRM have been extensive ly analyzed in order to understand the role of the above framework as a critical element of organizational environment. According to Sims (2007) the term HRM is used for describing ‘the rules, the principles and the processes used in organizations for managing their human resources’ (Sims 2007, p.5). In other words, the contribution of HRM in organizational growth can be vital, securing the high employee performance, as related to high organizational profits. It should be noted that HRM focuses not only on the management of the relationship between the organization and its employees but also on ‘employees’ needs and employees’ development’ (Sims 2007, p.5). In this way, the potential of employees to respond to the needs of the organization is increased. Considering employees not only as units supporting organizational processes

Cytogenetics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cytogenetics - Coursework Example Other Cytogenetic techniques include Fluorescent in-situ hybridization, Centromere or C-banding, replication banding, Sub-microscopic telomere analysis, distamycin staining and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (1). Abnormalities in chromosomes can also be identified by non-cytogenetic methods, like that of Microarray analysis and Molecular analysis of Telomeric sequences (1). Human numerical abnormalities are now measured by the advent of cytogenetics, which include Downs Syndrome, Turners syndrome and Klinefelters syndrome. The advance of molecular cytogenetics started in 1980s with the advent of Fluorescent in-situ hybridization. Later than FISH, technique of chromosome microdissection came in picture in which micromanipulation and examination of chromosome was carried out. This method lead to study in detail the aberration in chromosomal structure that could be isolated cloned and thereby studied in even finer detail. This method is also been put to medical use like in diagnosis of cancer and in hematological malignancies where it is used to determine the chromosomal translocations in the malignant cells, thus making the diagnosis easier and thereby the treatment becomes more specific. It is also used in the identification of the abnormality in myeloid leukemia (2). The future focuses on molecular cytogenetics include Comparative genomic hybridization microarrays; Single-Polynucleotide based Polymerization based karyotyping. Report for the clinician referred to: 1. Observation and background: Given sample of Mrs. Krerr has been analyzed and karyotyping was carried out based on the G-banding Karyotype. There were clear indications of translocation between in Chromosome 4 and 11 having t(4;11)(q21:p13) phenotype. Based on published literature and reports translocation in chromosome 4; 11 was found to be associated with high risk infant acute leukemia (3) which arises due to illegitimate re-combination between MLL and AF4 gene. Identification of this gene translocation in early stage of life cycle allows us to define the treatment regime in subsequent development of diseases (4). The mechanistic aspect of this translocation is largely unknown but researchers are able to map the genomic breakpoints and, in this particular case it was found to be hyper-sensitive to Dnase I and the cleavage site for Topoisomerase II. 2. Probable Gene involved and proteins: a) AF4p12, also known as FRYL gene homologous to Drosophila FRY gene could be involved in maintaining integrity of polarized cell during morphogenesis (6). b) MLL 11 Q23 transcriptional regulators. 3. Further investigations: Observed karyotype and interpretation needs to be validated based on little more cytogenetic analysis including Q- banding to obtain high resolution banding pattern to locate precise translocation. Similarly NOR (Silver) staining will help to identify translocation due to involvement of shorter arm translocation in given sample. But it is highly recommended to use Q-PCR methodology using fusion specific primer (i.e. primer which amplifies fusion region of MLL and AF4). The results of PCR amplification can

Critque of Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critque of Paper - Essay Example is vital, to prevent the escalation of the disorders, which is likely to cause more harm to the individuals themselves through self injury, as well as damaging actions to the wide society. The paper employs empirical research method of research. This is so because it applies an observation of the activities/operations taking place in various residential treatment facilities, in a comparison manner with the institution in question. The aim is to establish where it falls in this category of institution, based on its performance in residential treatment. The unit of analysis applied in this paper is the residential treatment program. The paper compares the success of different treatment programs. It also seeks to establish the relationship between the staff to patient ratio, and its impact on the performance of these institutions. The paper also tried to seek the relationship between the state licensing/certification of the staff, and the program performance. The aim was to know whether the certification affects performance, which was found to be unlikely. The type of data collected is nominal (Richard). This refers to that data that use names in establishing relationships. The paper is developed based on a set of treatment programs, compared per their performance. Ordinal data are also used in this paper. The treatment programs are ranked based on their percentage performance in patient treatment. Ratio data are also collected and used in this paper. There has been a computation of the staff to patient ratio. This is then applied to seek whether there is a relationship between this ratio and the program performance. The paper has applied various data collection tools. The rating scale is one of them, where the programs are rated in success percentage (Richard). Document review is also applied as a tool, since information regarding to staff and patient numbers are obtained from the programs’ documents. Institutional schedule is yet another tool employed. The paper

Presidential Campaign Policy Essay Example for Free

Presidential Campaign Policy Essay The 2008 presidential campaign will be remembered for the stark contrasts between the two candidates and their respective policies. Other than the obvious contrasts of race and age, John McCain and Barack Obama represent two very different philosophies of government. Two examples of this contrast are the domestic policy area of taxes and the foreign policy issue of the war on terror. John McCain, the Republican candidate, has proposed lowering the corporate tax rate from 35% to 25% (The McCain Economic Plan 6). This proposal reflects the traditional Republican philosophy which believes that lower tax rates for entrepreneurs, small businesses, and corporations will result in more jobs for working Americans, increased productivity, and, ultimately, in greater tax revenues. In addition to reducing taxes for corporations, McCain has also proposed reducing individual income taxes. Under the McCain plan, families with an annual family income of more than $2. 87 million would receive a 4. 4% decrease in taxes, or about $269,000 less in income taxes per year (Obama and McCain Tax Proposals). This income bracket represents the top 0. 1% of incomes in the United States. The average annual income in the United States is slightly less than $42,000 (World Bank, 12). Under the McCain Plan, an American with an average income would have his taxes reduced by 0. 7%, or $319 per year (Obama and McCain Tax Proposals). McCain has not always favored giving larger tax breaks to the wealthiest Americans and less generous tax breaks to the middle class. In 2001, McCain was one of two Republican senators to vote against the Bush tax cuts (Weisman A01). At that time, McCain argued that the country could not afford to give such large tax cuts without corresponding reductions in spending. McCain also expressed concerns about the lopsided nature of the Bush tax cuts, which gave the greatest tax relief to the wealthiest taxpayers and offered little reductions in taxes to middle class or low-income wage earners. In 2002, McCain said that he would like to see much more of this tax cut shared by working Americans. . . . I think it still devotes too much of it to the wealthiest Americans (McCain, quoted by Weisman A01). McCain changed his position on taxing working Americans at some time before March of 2008, when he voted with other Senate Republicans to continue the Bush tax cuts. Barack Obamas tax plan increases the amount of income tax paid by the wealthiest Americans and reduces, if only slightly, the amount of income taxes that would be paid by middle class families. Under the Obama plan, Families making more than $250,000 will pay either the same or lower tax rates than they paid in the 1990s (Barack Obamas Comprehensive Tax Plan). Families earning more than $287 million, which received a tax reduction of 4. 4% under the McCain plan, would face a tax increase of 11. 5% or $701,885 a year under the Obama plan (Obama and McCain Tax Proposals). An individual with an income of $42,000 would have a tax reduction of 2. 4% or $1,042 per year under the Obama plan (Obama and McCain Tax Proposals). In the March 2008 vote, Senator Obama voted with other Democrats to reject the Bush tax cuts. McCain has argued that economic growth should come from the top down, while Obama has argued that economic stability comes from the bottom up. The recent collapse of Wall Street and the government bailout of several banks and investment firms reinforces Obamas argument and weakens McCains position. McCain and Obama also have different views about the war on terror. McCain contends that the United States was correct in its decision to pursue Al Qaeda into Iraq and that the United States military should stay in Iraq until the insurgency has been brought under control and the Iraqi government no longer needs the support of the United States military (Strategy for Victory in Iraq). Obama has argued that the war in Iraq is a dangerous distraction from the pursuit of Al Qaeda in Afghanistan (Obama calls Iraq war a dangerous distraction'). Obamas position on the war in Iraq is consistent with his initial criticism of the decision to go to war in Iraq in 2002. At one time, Obama argued that the United States should have a clear deadline for the withdrawal of all troops from Iraq. Since that time, Obama has somewhat modified his position. While he is still calling for a reduction in troops with a goal of an eventual withdrawal by the summer of 2010, he has also acknowledged the need for a residual force (to) remain in Iraq and in the region to conduct targeted counter-terrorism missions against al Qaeda in Iraq and to protect American diplomatic and civilian personnel (War in Iraq). Obama noted that we must be as careful getting out of Iraq as we were careless getting in (War in Iraq). Obama has also tried to calm fears that he might be reluctant to use military force if necessary to defend the United States. Democrats have historically been viewed as being weak on national defense, which has traditionally been a strong issue for Republicans. While Obama has been critical of the war in Iraq, he has also argued strongly for increased troops in Afghanistan. Obama has also stated that, if necessary, he would pursue Al Qaeda into neighboring Pakistan, which is where he believes Osama bin Laden and other Al Qaeda members are hiding (War in Iraq). In these remarks, Obama has been more hawkish than McCain, who has warned against threatening Pakistan. John McCain has argued that the American strategy in Iraq is an important part of the overall war on terror. McCain has been consistent in his views of the war, even when his position was unpopular and could have potential cost him the nomination of his party (Page). McCains status as a former POW gives him a great deal of credibility in the area of military defense. McCain has argued against any type of scheduled withdrawal from Iraq, warning that any such timetable would provide an advantage to the insurgents in Iraq and to Al Qaeda forces. McCain has also acknowledged that American military forces may have to stay in Iraq for several years to ensure the stability of the region and to protect American interests. Although McCain has argued for the need for military action in Iraq and Afghanistan, he has also warned against making threats to Pakistan and other countries. Obamas argument about the war is weakened by his lack of experience and knowledge in foreign affairs, a fact that McCain likes to point out as often as possible. Obamas choice of Joe Biden as a running mate was no doubt intended, in part, to address these concerns about foreign affairs. His logic about who military forces should be used, however, is strong. It makes little sense to fight a war in Iraq when it is clear that the enemy is hiding in Afghanistan and Pakistan. McCains strength is in his knowledge of foreign affairs, firsthand knowledge and understanding of war, and in his commitment to protecting American lives and American interests. McCains position of experience, however, was weakened by his choice of an inexperienced running mate who has no knowledge of foreign affairs or national security.